Themista5: Chapter 11 Genetics Vocab

(the spacing got really messed up, so just scroll down and it's all there)

Genetics: the science of heredity, dealing with resemblances and differences of related organisms resulting from the interaction of their genes and the environment.
http://www.genetics.org/

Tru

e-breeding: when organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.

http://biology.about.com/bldeftruebreed.htm

Trait: a distinguishing characteristic or qualities.

http://www.uwm.edu/~caberg/mtp5/10genetics/proced.shtml

Hybrid: the offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species, or genera, esp. as produced through human manipulation for specific genetic characteristics.

http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/hybriddogs.htm

Gene: sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEPC/NIH/gene03.html

Allele: one of a number of different forms of a gene.

http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm?key=allele

Segregation: seperation of alleles during gamete formation.

http://www.remembersegregation.org/

Gamete: specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction.

http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0008016.html

Probability: likelihood that a particulare event will occur.

http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.prob.intro.html

Punnett Square: diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.

http://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/mendel_2.htm

Homozygous: an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
http://foxtrotters.tripod.com/homozy.htm

Heterozygous: an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.

http://biology.about.com/bldefhetzyg.htm

Phenotype: physical characteristics of an organism.

http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/BioInfo/SD.Geno.HP.html

Genotype: genetic makeup of an organism.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/genotype-phenotype/

Homologous: chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent.

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chromosomes.html

Diploid: a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes.

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?diploid

Haploid: a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes.
http://www.plant.uoguelph.ca/research/biotech/haploid/hap2.htm

Meiosis: process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.